Tip-induced superconductivity

It is widely believed that topological superconductivity, a hitherto elusive phase of quantum matter, can be achieved by inducing superconductivity in materials. In search such superconductors, certain insulators (like, Bi$_2$Se$_3$) were successfully turned into superconductors metal-ion (Cu, Pd, Sr, Nb etc. ) intercalation. Superconductivity could induced materials through applying pressure as well. for example, pressure-induced superconducting was found the insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$. However, all cases, no conclusive signature found. this review, we will discuss about another novel way non-superconducting material -- creating mesoscopic interface on with non-superconducting, normal metallic tip where becomes superconducting. Such now known tip-induced (TISC) phase. This first seen 2014 Cd$_3$As$_2$ at IISER Mohali, India. Following that, large number other shown to display TISC. Since TISC emerges only confined region under point contact, traditional bulk tools characterizing cannot employed detect/confirm On hand, contact geometry ideal probing possible existence temperature and magnetic field dependent energy gap critical current. We review details experimental signatures used prove even when "text-book" tests detecting performed. Then, different systems realized.